Fever alone
|
Common infections
|
Possible additional clinical features
|
Incubation
|
Region
|
Malaria
(P falciparum)
|
Neurological, GI, Respiratory
|
6 days - 2 years
|
Widespread in tropics and subtropics
|
Malaria
(P vivax)
|
Neurological, GI, Respiratory
|
8 days - 2 years
|
Widespread in tropics and subtropics
|
Typhoid
(S Typhi / S Paratyphi)
|
Constipation, abdominal pain. Diarrhoea a late sign. Rose spots rare in childhood
|
3-60days
|
Indian Subcontinent
|
Hepatitis A
|
Vomiting, abdominal pain, jaundice
|
15-50 days
|
Worldwide / poor sanitation
|
Hepatitis E
|
Vomiting, abdominal pain, jaundice
|
2-9 weeks
|
Widespread
|
Dengue
|
Fever + 2 of myalgia, retro-orbital pain, arthralgia, headache, leucopoenia, haemorrhagic manifestations
|
3-14 days
|
Tropics / Subtropics particularly:
Latin America
South East Asia
|
Chikungunya
|
Arthralgia, myalgia, headache, nausea, rash
|
1-14 days
|
Tropics / Subtropics particularly:
India
Indian Ocean
Central America
|
Leptospirosis
|
Headache, rigors, myalgia, vomiting, jaundice, abdominal pain, rash
|
2-26days
|
Most tropical areas (Ecuador / Amazon)
|
Rickettsiae
|
Arthralgia, rash, tick eschar.
|
Few days - 2/3 weeks
|
Species vary by region NB outdoor activity / insect bites
|
Fever + Diarrhoea
|
Malaria
(P falciparum)
|
Neurological, GI, Respiratory
|
6 days - 2 years
|
Widespread in tropics and subtropics
|
Malaria
(P vivax)
|
Neurological, GI, Respiratory
|
8 days - 2 years
|
Widespread in tropics and subtropics
|
Typhoid
(S Typhi / S Paratyphi)
|
Constipation, abdominal pain. Diarrhoea a late sign. Rose spots rare in childhood.
|
3-60 days
|
Indian Subcontinent
|
Hepatitis A
|
Vomiting, abdominal pain, jaundice
|
15-50 days
|
Worldwide / poor sanitation
|
Hepatitis E
|
Vomiting, abdominal pain, jaundice
|
2-9 weeks
|
Widespread
|
Campylobacter
|
Travellers diarrhea
Dysentery
|
1-10 days
|
Indian subcontinent / South east Asia
|
ETEC
|
Travellers diarrhea
Dysentery
|
Hours - 4 days
|
Africa / Latin America
|
Shigella
|
Travellers diarrhea
Dysentery
|
12 hours - 4 days
|
Widespread
|
Cholera
|
Mild - Severe watery diarrhoea
|
2 hours - 5 days
|
Widespread
|
Amoebiasis
|
Travellers diarrhea
Dysentery
|
Hours - 4 days
|
Widespread
|
Giardia
|
Travellers diarrhea
Prolonged diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating
|
Hours - weeks
|
Widespread
|
Fever + Respiratory
|
Malaria
(P falciparum)
|
Neurological, GI, Respiratory
|
6 days - 2 years
|
Widespread in tropics and subtropics
|
Malaria
(P vivax)
|
Neurological, GI, Respiratory
|
8 days - 2 years
|
Widespread in tropics and subtropics
|
Pneumonia
|
Anorexia, lethargy, vomiting, respiratory distress
|
|
Worldwide
|
Influenza
|
URTI / LRTI, myalgia
|
1-3 days
|
Worldwide
|
Tuberculosis
|
Lethargy, weight loss, sweats, cough
|
Primary: weeks
Reactivation: years
|
Worldwide
|