What is Osteogenic Sarcoma?

Osteogenic sarcoma is a tumour, which starts in a bone. Osteogenic means bone forming. No one knows what causes osteogenic tumours, but we do know that they are not caused by injury. Most often they arise around the knee but can involve any bone in the body. Usually older children and adolescents, develop these tumours.

Signs & Symptoms

Pain in the bone is usually the only symptom that a child has when this tumour develops. Sometimes an obvious swelling occurs.

Tests

If a child has pain in a bone an x-ray will probably be taken. If this suggests there is a tumour, a biopsy will be carried out to determine exactly what sort of tumour it is. Further x-rays and a MRI scan of the limb may give an idea of the extent of the tumour and may be done prior to the biopsy. Blood tests will be done and a chest x-ray and a bone scan may be carried out to find if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. (Refer to section on tests and procedures)

Treatment

The exact treatment for Osteogenic sarcoma varies depending on the age of the child and where the tumour is located. In general, chemotherapy is given first to kill the main tumour and any possible metastases. If possible, the tumour is removed later by surgery. Surgical options for all patients will be discussed on an individual basis.

Follow up care

After treatment has finished the child will be seen at regular intervals to monitor growth and development. Treatment may affect the growth of the limb. If children do have a prosthetic replacement when they are younger then a new one can be inserted when they are fully-grown.